ANALYSIS OF MECHANICAL STRENGTH OF SINGLE-RECYCLED PLASTIC WASTE COMPOSITES AND WOOD POWDER
Abstract
Material development can minimize the impact on the environment during its life cycle. The life cycle starts from the composition of raw materials, production processes, use, and recycling systems. The composite is prepared using plastic straw waste material and wood dust using a polyester resin matrix. It is making composite specimens by compressing molding using a 12-ton capacity hydraulic press. Preparation of specimens with three different volume fractions. Specimen one (30% plastic straw, 70% wood dust), box specimen (40% plastic straw, 40% wood dust, and 20% polyester matrix), and specimen three (70% polyester matrix, 30% wood dust). Tensile testing was done six times using ASTM D3039 standards with a Computer Servo hydraulic universal testing machine. Impact testing was done six times with ASTM D256 using a Charpy impact tester machine. Based on the test results, it can be seen that the material composition of 40% wood dust, 40% plastic straw, and 20% polyester matrix has optimal tensile and impact test strength. The tensile and impact test results were 16 N/ and 1.27 Joules respectively. The combination of bonds between matrix and material fibers with three composition variations can be used as an alternative in developing advanced and environmentally friendly materials.
Downloads
References
H. Salim, M. Jackson, R. A. Stewart, and C. D. Beal, “Drivers-pressures-state-impact-response of solid waste management in remote communities: A systematic and critical review,†Clean. Waste Syst., vol. 4, no. December 2022, p. 100078, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.clwas.2023.100078.
P. Roy et al., “Evolution of drinking straws and their environmental , economic and societal implications,†J. Clean. Prod., vol. 316, no. May, p. 128234, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128234.
N. Evode, S. A. Qamar, M. Bilal, D. Barceló, and H. M. N. Iqbal, “Plastic waste and its management strategies for environmental sustainability,†Case Stud. Chem. Environ. Eng., vol. 4, no. August, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.cscee.2021.100142.
L. K. Ncube, A. U. Ude, E. N. Ogunmuyiwa, R. Zulkifli, and I. N. Beas, “An Overview of Plastic Waste Generation and Management in Food Packaging Industries,†Recycling, no. 6, p. P-25, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/ 10.3390.
S. B. Borrelle et al., “Predicted growth in plastic waste exceeds effort to mitigate plastic pollution,†Science (80-. )., vol. 1518, no. September, pp. 1515–1518, 2020, [Online]. Available: http://science.sciencemag.org/content/369/6510/1515.
B. Debnath, A. B. M. M. Bari, S. M. Ali, T. Ahmed, I. Ali, and G. Kabir, “Modelling the Barriers to Sustainable Waste Management in the Plastic-Manufacturing Industry: An Emerging Economy Perspective,†Sustain. Anal. Model., vol. 3, no. September 2022, p. 100017, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.samod.2023.100017.
K. A. Willis, B. D. Hardesty, and C. Wilcox, “State and local pressures drive plastic pollution compliance strategies,†J. Environ. Manage., vol. 287, no. November 2020, p. 112281, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112281.
S. Idrus, I. P. Gede, and I. K. Purwata, Membangun Ekonomi Kreatif Melalui Usaha Sedotan Bambu dan Kerajinan Lokal : Upaya Meminimalisir Polusi Sampah Plastik Indonesia. Surabaya: Global Aksara Pres, 2020.
B. Krisanti, “Bencana Lingkungan dari Sedotan Plastik,†mediaindonesia.com, 2019. .
T. A. Aragaw, “Sustainable management of drinking plastic straws is required to reduce plastic pollution: Are we using them more during COVID-19?,†J. Hazard. Mater. Adv., vol. 12, no. June, pp. 10–13, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2023.100328.
A. K. Singh, R. Bedi, and B. S. Kaith, “Mechanical properties of composite materials based on waste plastic - a review,†Mater. Today Proc., vol. 26, pp. 1293–1301, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.02.258.
M. Brebu, “Environmental degradation of plastic composites with natural fillers-a review,†Polymers (Basel)., vol. 12, no. 1, 2020, doi: 10.3390/polym12010165.
M. Y. Khalid, A. Al Rashid, Z. U. Arif, W. Ahmed, H. Arshad, and A. A. Zaidi, “Natural fiber reinforced composites: Sustainable materials for emerging applications,†Results Eng., vol. 11, no. April, p. 100263, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.rineng.2021.100263.
V. Gulitah and K. Chiang Liew, “Effect of Plastic Content Ratio on the Mechanical Properties of Wood-Plastic Composite (WPC) Made From Three Different Recycled Plastic and Acacia Fibres,†Trans. Sci. Technol., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 184–189, 2018, [Online]. Available: http://transectscience.org/.
N. Shukla and G. L. Devnani, “A review on mechanical properties of hybrid natural fiber polymer composites,†Mater. Today Proc., vol. 45, pp. 4702–4705, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2021.01.122.
S. T. Method, “Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials 1,†vol. 15, 2002.
K. Bhaskar, D. Jayabalakrishnan, M. Vinoth Kumar, S. Sendilvelan, and M. Prabhahar, “Analysis on mechanical properties of wood plastic composite,†Mater. Today Proc., vol. 45, pp. 5886–5891, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.08.570.
S. G. Nukala, I. Kong, A. B. Kakarla, W. Kong, and W. Kong, “Development of Wood Polymer Composites from Recycled Wood and Plastic Waste: Thermal and Mechanical Properties,†J. Compos. Sci., vol. 6, no. 7, 2022, doi: 10.3390/jcs6070194.
I. Turku, A. Keskisaari, T. Kärki, A. Puurtinen, and P. Marttila, “Characterization of wood plastic composites manufactured from recycled plastic blends,†Compos. Struct., vol. 161, pp. 469–476, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.11.073.
V. Yudha and F. Yudhanto, “Analisis Sifat Fisis Dan Mekanis Komposit Hibrid Serat Jute/Karbon Yang Difabrikasi Dengan Metode Vacuum Infusion Sebagai Alternatif Bahan Helm,†Sci. J. Mech. Eng. Kinemat., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 25–35, 2023, doi: 10.20527/sjmekinematika.v8i1.248.
Copyright (c) 2024 Authors
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
