STUDI NUMERIK KEKUATAN BAHAN PADA STRUKTUR CHASSIS DENGAN BEBAN STATIS DAN DINAMIS
Abstrak
Pertumbuhan kendaraan mikro (microcar) sebagai solusi mobilitas perkotaan menuntut desain struktur yang efisien namun tetap kuat dan aman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis performa struktural chassis microcar menggunakan pendekatan simulasi numerik berbasis Metode Elemen Hingga (Finite Element Method/FEM) dengan perangkat lunak ANSYS Workbench. Evaluasi dilakukan terhadap lima jenis material—Aluminium 6061-T6, Aluminium 6082, Steel AISI 1018, Steel S355JR, dan Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Prepreg melalui analisis statis dan dinamis. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa semua material memiliki nilai safety factor di atas 1, dengan CFRP prepreg mencatat nilai tertinggi. Material aluminium dinilai paling optimal untuk produksi massal karena ringan, cukup kuat, dan ekonomis. Pada analisis dinamis, seluruh struktur menunjukkan respons aman terhadap beban getaran acak akibat ketidakteraturan permukaan jalan, meskipun terdapat potensi resonansi pada frekuensi tertentu. Oleh karena itu, analisis kelelahan (fatigue) direkomendasikan untuk evaluasi jangka panjang. Studi ini memberikan kontribusi penting terhadap perancangan chassis microcar yang ringan, aman, dan berkelanjutan.
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