ANALISIS PROSES PIROLISIS LIMBAH PLASTIK HDPE DAN PET: PENGARUH TEMPERATUR DAN WAKTU REAKSI DALAM UPAYA DAUR ULANG PLASTIK
Abstrak
Sampah plastik menimbulkan tantangan lingkungan yang signifikan, namun pengelolaannya masih belum sepenuhnya efektif. Metode umum seperti pembuangan, pembakaran, atau daur ulang masih memiliki keterbatasan, terutama risiko senyawa berbahaya dari pembakaran plastik bertemperatur rendah. Oleh karena itu, penelitian terus mencari solusi yang lebih baik. Pirolisis, penguraian molekul plastik pada temperatur tinggi dalam lingkungan gas inert, muncul sebagai pendekatan yang menarik untuk daur ulang plastik. Proses pirolisis menghasilkan fase padat, cair, dan gas. Hasil berupa cairan tersebut berpotensi sebagai biofuel setelah pemurnian lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pengaruh temperatur dan waktu pada pirolisis plastik HDPE dan PET. Hasil akhir dari pirolisis mencakup tar/cair dan char/arang, dimana HDPE 3 kg menghasilkan tar terbanyak sebesar 973 ml, sementara PET 3 kg paling sedikit sebesar 89 ml. HDPE juga menghasilkan char terbanyak sebesar 1,272 kg, sedangkan campuran 1,5 kg HDPE dan PET menghasilkan char paling sedikit sebesar 0,326 kg. Secara keseluruhan, distribusi panas yang merata dan temperatur optimal sangat penting untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan kualitas produk pirolisis.
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